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Thailand
Sukhothai, Ayutthaya and Bangkok — the only Southeast Asian state never colonized.
Overview
The Tai peoples migrated southward to build the kingdoms of Sukhothai (13th c.), Ayutthaya (14th – 18th c.) and Bangkok's Chakri dynasty (from 1782).
Basic Information
CapitalBangkok
Population70 million
Area513,120 km²
CurrencyThai baht (THB)
LanguagesThai
RegionSoutheast Asia
History Timeline
- 1238Sukhothai Kingdom founded
- 1351 – 1767Ayutthaya Kingdom
- 1767Burmese sack Ayutthaya
- 1782Chakri dynasty founded at Bangkok
- 1932Constitutional monarchy established
Ancient Peoples
- Mon
- Tai
- Khmer
Ancient Kingdoms
- Dvaravati
- Sukhothai
- Ayutthaya
- Lanna
Empires
- Ayutthaya Kingdom
Religions
- Theravada Buddhism
Culture
Wat temple complexes, classical dance, Thai boxing, cuisine.
Language
Thai is a Kra-Dai language written in a Brahmi-derived script.
Important Battles
- Fall of Ayutthaya1767
Burmese conquest
Historical Figures
Ramkhamhaeng
1279 – 1298
Sukhothai king
Taksin
1767 – 1782
Restorer after Ayutthaya's fall
Archaeological Sites
- Sukhothai
- Ayutthaya
- Ban Chiang
UNESCO World Heritage Sites
- Historic City of Ayutthaya
- Sukhothai
- Ban Chiang
- Dong Phayayen forest complex
Dynasties
- Chakri
Colonial Period
Never colonized.
Modern History
Constitutional monarchy under King Vajiralongkorn.