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Overview
Nepal's Kathmandu Valley cradled the Licchavi and Malla dynasties; the Shah dynasty unified the modern state in 1768. The Buddha was born at Lumbini in the 6th century BCE.
Basic Information
CapitalKathmandu
Population30 million
Area147,516 km²
CurrencyNepalese rupee (NPR)
LanguagesNepali
RegionSouth Asia
History Timeline
- c. 563 BCETraditional birth of Siddhartha Gautama at Lumbini
- c. 400 – 750Licchavi period
- 1200 – 1768Malla dynasty
- 1768Prithvi Narayan Shah unifies Nepal
- 2008Monarchy abolished
Ancient Peoples
- Licchavis
- Kirants
- Newars
Ancient Kingdoms
- Licchavi Kingdom
- Malla Kingdom
Empires
Religions
- Hinduism
- Buddhism
Culture
Newar architecture, Gorkha traditions, Sherpa mountaineering.
Language
Nepali is an Indo-Aryan language.
Important Battles
- Anglo-Nepalese War1814 – 1816
Established Gurkha reputation
Historical Figures
Siddhartha Gautama
c. 563 – 483 BCE
Founder of Buddhism
Prithvi Narayan Shah
1723 – 1775
Founder of modern Nepal
Archaeological Sites
- Lumbini
- Kathmandu Durbar Square
- Patan
UNESCO World Heritage Sites
- Kathmandu Valley
- Lumbini
- Sagarmatha (Everest) NP
- Chitwan NP
Dynasties
- Licchavi
- Malla
- Shah
Colonial Period
Never colonized.
Modern History
Federal democratic republic since 2008.